Winter in DeKalb means cold weather, and this past week has shown that it means really cold weather.

In order to help all of us survive this season, the DeKalb County Health Department has some safety tips to follow.

“It is very important to cover the head during cold weather because over 50% of your body heat is lost through the head,” said DeKalb County Community Health Educator Marcie Gubelman.

Gubelman offered tips from several pamphlets available at the Health Department.

Clothing is an important factor in getting through winter. Multiple layers of lightweight loose-fitting clothing should be worn outdoors to act as insulation and to heat the air trapped between the layers. Other protective clothing such as hats, hoods, or scarves should be worn.

Another important factor is to keep your extremities well-covered with gloves and waterproof boots, since they are most susceptible to frostbite.

Staying inside is best during extremely cold weather, but if you must go out you should consider your limits and not overexert yourself. If you are shoveling, it is important to take occasional rests and also lift with your legs to prevent back strain.

When driving, have an emergency kit for your car that includes a shovel, blanket, and some food in case of a prolonged stay. In case of becoming stuck without immediate help, stay with your car until help comes and run your car occasionally to keep warm. Check the tailpipe to ensure that it is free of snow and other obstructions.

It is important to guard against frostbite during prolonged exposure to the cold. Frostbite is identified by flushed skin in a pale white or gray color.

It is important not to rub frostbitten skin, because this could lead to skin damage. Instead, the frostbitten portion of the body should be soaked in lukewarm water and medical attention should be sought.

During cold weather it is important to realize the effects that alcohol and tobacco have upon the body. Alcohol, contrary to popular belief, actually lowers the body temperature. It also affects a user’s awareness of exposure to cold. Smoking is also a danger in cold weather due to its inhibiting effect upon blood flow, and therefore increases the danger of frostbite.